• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Calibration system for an audiometer with an acoustic transducer (21, 22, 23), an audiometer (1) comprising a calibrating device (4) to generate a voltage reference of specific value in the audiometer (1) to update its information calibration. A memory (15) of the transducer (2) stores identification and calibration information. The audiometer (1) compensates the response of the acoustic transducer (21, 22, 23) based on the read calibration information and the frequency response of the human ear. It also compensates the frequency response of the audiometer itself (1) by modifying the generated electrical signal, and updates its calibration information according to the voltage reference of the calibrating device (4). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2756874A1
    申请号:ES201831036
    申请日:2018-10-25
    公开日:2020-04-27
    发明作者:Eguia José María Plana
    申请人:Devimetrix S L；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002]
    [0003] Technical field of the invention
    [0004]
    [0005] The present invention belongs to the field of audiometry. In particular, it refers to applicable techniques for obtaining improved calibration of the audiometers and transducers associated with audiometric testing.
    [0006]
    [0007] Background of the Invention
    [0008]
    [0009] Audiometers are used to measure and diagnose people's hearing ability. To measure, very precise pure tones or other stimuli are presented to the patient by means of acoustic transducers (headphones, speakers, vibrators). If the subject detects tones or other stimuli, it indicates it by pressing a button or button. These pure tones, generated electronically by the audiometer, are sent through phones (air conduction) or bone vibrators (bone conduction). Thresholds for different frequencies are measured in decibels. The frequencies in conventional audiometry for air conduction are usually between 125 Hz and 8 kHz or 16 kHz. For bone conduction they are usually between 250 Hz and 6 kHz.
    [0010]
    [0011] Acoustic transducers connect directly to the audiometer using industry standard stereo audio jacks or to the wall of a soundproof booth which in turn connects to the audiometer using the same stereo audio connectors.
    [0012]
    [0013] In order to ensure correct measurements for clinical diagnosis, audiometers and their transducers must be checked regularly. This requires the transducers to be acoustically calibrated with the audiometer to which they will be connected. Additionally, express care must be taken to properly make the connection, for example, in re-calibrations.
    [0014]
    [0015] Calibration uses electroacoustic human ear and head simulation equipment and sound level meters. Generally, the entire audiometer assembly and its transducers are calibrated in a single electrical and acoustic phase. However, this type of Calibration has a downside. The transducers are only properly calibrated with an audiometer, and thus form a single calibrated set. Consequently, the exchange of transducers with other audiometers causes a measurement error and, therefore, an unacceptable risk in clinical diagnosis.
    [0016]
    [0017] Calibration is currently addressed by taking the equipment to a specialized center or having a technician travel to carry out the calibration on site. Acoustic transducers are associated with your audiometer with a label that also indicates the temporary validity of the calibration (expiration).
    [0018]
    [0019] Brief description of the invention
    [0020]
    [0021] In view of the limitations observed in the state of the art, there is therefore a need to have a system and a calibration method for an audiometer capable of simplifying calibration and ensuring metrological accuracy.
    [0022]
    [0023] Specifically, a desirable aspect is to have the ability to connect any acoustically calibrated transducer, and for the audiometer assembly with transducers to remain properly calibrated. For a correct adaptation, the frequency response is read and self-adjusting to compensate if necessary.
    [0024]
    [0025] Another additional aspect is that it recognizes various types of transducers and ensures a correct connection.
    [0026]
    [0027] Thanks to these and other functionalities, the management and maintenance of individual calibration of both transducers and the audiometer itself is improved, since it can be done remotely and independently.
    [0028]
    [0029] To achieve the functionalities, a calibration system according to claim 1 is proposed for an audiometer and transducers that integrate their own memory. Particular and preferred embodiments are defined in the dependent claims. The audiometer is equipped with a mechanism for reading the memories of the transducers, and with a mechanism for adjusting the sensitivity and compensating for its frequency response. The audiometer itself is expected to have a calibrated external voltage reference to automatically calibrate its electrical response.
    [0030] Likewise, it occurs with the acoustic response of the transducers that are connected to said audiometer.
    [0031]
    [0032] Brief description of the figures
    [0033]
    [0034] For a better understanding of the invention, as regards both its structure and its operation and its advantages, they are explained with the aid of embodiment examples with reference to the attached drawings in which:
    [0035] FIG. 1 illustrates a descriptive diagram of an audiometer and its transducers (headphones, bone vibrator, speakers) and the patient push button.
    [0036] FIG. 2A illustrates a block diagram of one embodiment of the system.
    [0037] FIG. 2B illustrates another block diagram of one embodiment of the system. FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of a storage memory transducer. FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of a calibrating device with a voltage reference circuit and a storage memory.
    [0038] FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic diagram of various stages performed on the audiometer.
    [0039]
    [0040] Detailed description of the invention
    [0041]
    [0042] With reference to the previous figures, various embodiments of the device object of the invention are described.
    [0043]
    [0044] FIG. 1 shows an audiometric system that includes an audiometer 1 connected to various types of acoustic transducers such as vibrators 21 , headphones 22 or speakers 23 . The audiometry system has a button 3 to record the patient's response. The button 3 is connected to the audiometer 1 by a cable 7 with a connector adapted to be inserted into a receptacle of the audiometer 1 . In turn, the connections of cable 7 to audiometer 1 are made with an audio connector (eg audio jack or other industry standard connector) which are inserted into the also standard receptacles of audiometer 1 . The button 3 has its own memory 15 to identify the device and allow it to function as a plug & play.
    [0045]
    [0046] In operation, the audiometer 1 produces electrical signals whose characteristics are controlled by a microprocessor 10 to be subsequently transformed into an acoustic signal in the transducers 21 , 22 , 23 . To the extent of thresholds Hearing Acoustic cues, usually pure tones or vocal cues, are used depending on accepted medical procedures. The calibration of the joint system is divided into electrical calibration of audiometer 1 and acoustic calibration of transducers 21 , 22 , 23 .
    [0047]
    [0048] FIG. 2A is a block diagram of an embodiment of the system related to the detection of the connection of the audiometer 1 with the possible transducers 21 , 22 , 23 and the reading of their calibration data. It can be seen that the audiometer 1 has a microprocessor 10 with a memory 5 and that each transducer, headphones 22 , bone vibrators 21 and speakers 23 ) also incorporate their own memory 15 , where the information regarding the individual calibration is stored. In the case of audiometer 1 , a reading system 6 is incorporated for these memories 15 .
    [0049]
    [0050] Similarly, FIG. 2B is a block diagram of another aspect of the system with audiometer 1 and transducers 21 , 22 , 23 illustrating how, after performing the electrical calibration with the help of the external calibrator 4 , the electrical signal is generated internally in the audimeter 1 of individually, multiplexed for each R or L channel and each transducer 21 , 22 , 23 , thereby emitting the calibrated acoustic signal.
    [0051]
    [0052] Thus, the external calibrator 4 contains a voltage reference and a memory 15 with the device information (for plug & play) and the actual laboratory calibrated value of the voltage reference, analogously to transducers 21 , 22 , 23 .
    [0053]
    [0054] The reader 6 reads the information stored in the memories 15 of the transducers 21 , 22 , 23 (eg, transducer identification, type, sensitivity data, calibration / validity date, etc.) and can compensate for the recorded calibrated frequency response of transducers 21 , 22 , 23, the own of audiometer 1 and do it according to the frequency response of the human ear.
    [0055]
    [0056] The adjustment algorithm implemented in the microprocessor 10 is in charge of aligning the full scale for each and every one of the working frequencies taking into account various aspects such as the nominal full scale of the electrical stage of audiometer 1 , the nominal sensitivity of transducer 2 , the frequency response of the human ear, the correction of the frequency response of the transducer with respect to its nominal sensitivity and the correction of the frequency response of the electrical stage with respect to its nominal full scale. Therefore, for each working frequency of audiometer 1 and specific transducer 21 , 22 or 23 , a correction value is obtained in dBs with respect to the nominal full-scale value of audiometer 1 to be compensated.
    [0057]
    [0058] In more detail, the tuning algorithm calculates the required attenuation Att [i] in dB at frequency i as follows:
    [0059] Att i ] = FS3 [í ] - ( FSa [i ] - 8B [/]) [ 1 ]
    [0060] FSe [i] being the electrical scale of the audiometer at the frequency i (in dBm), FSa [i] the desired acoustic scale, taking into account the frequency response of the human ear (in dB SPL) and Sa [i] the acoustic transducer sensitivity in (dB SPL / dBm)
    [0061]
    [0062] A tt E ei i -
    [0063] Attn i] -FSsn- FSA i ] - Sh
    [0064] Defining remains, Attn is called nominal attenuation:
    [0065] Att i ] = Attn /] - Ed i ] - E a i ] [2]
    [0066]
    [0067] Concrete example:
    [0068] An FSa of 120dB HL (hearing level) at the frequency of 1 kHz is desired. As the 1kHz ear response with the RadioEar DD45 type earphone is 7.5 dB SPL / dB HL, the target FSa is 127.5 dB SPL. The nominal sensitivity of the DD45 is 106.7 dB SPL / dBm. The FSen is 31 dBm. Assuming an Ee 1 k] of 0.5 dB and an Ea 1 k] of 2 dB Attn 1k] = 31dBm - (127.5 dB SPL -106.7 dB SPL / dBm) -0.5dB -2dB = 10.2 -0.5 -2 dB = 7.7 dB
    [0069]
    [0070] Thus, the microprocessor 10 performs said compensation at each frequency by activating or deactivating attenuating devices 12 . This operating mode allows a transducer 2 with the expired calibration to be replaced by a newly acoustically calibrated one avoiding a stop time of the audiometer 1 . For remote calibration to be equivalent to regular calibration, it is also necessary to electrically calibrate the audiometer. The audiometer 1 incorporates for this an electrical checking mechanism based on a digital analog converter 8 capable of measuring an external voltage reference and comparing it with the calibrated value stored in its own memory 5 and with the measured value of each electrical output towards the transducers 21 , 22 , 23 . Likewise, for various working frequencies. Since the generation of electrical signals for audiometer 1 can be measured internally at each output and compared with the external voltage reference to know the actual value of the same, it is possible to automatically calibrate the audiometer system 1 on site by sending a calibrator 4 current, with which it is possible to obtain the entire calibrated electrical and acoustic chain.
    [0071]
    [0072] An audio signal generator 11 is responsible for reproducing and generating two-channel audio signals (left and right) in digital format and uses a high-quality analog digital converter (not shown in FIG. 2) that delivers an analog signal Two-channel (stereo) audio. There are also currently processors that integrate their own digital audio controller that reads / writes the audio samples and sends / receives them from the DAC / ADC, so that a specific audio signal generator is not required.
    [0073]
    [0074] A digitally controlled attenuator 12 (by microprocessor 10 ) is responsible for compensating the frequency response of transducers 21 , 22 , 23 and at the same time adjusting the dynamic range of audiometer 1 for each frequency of use according to the information recorded in the memories 15, 5 of the transducers and the audiometer 1 itself , respectively .
    [0075]
    [0076] A two-channel (stereo) multiplexer 13 is responsible for distributing the signals from the left and right channels of the generator to the output amplifiers 14 of each of the selected transducers 21 , 22 or 23 or a combination of them .
    [0077]
    [0078] An amplifier module 14 is responsible for amplifying the electrical signals and adapting the output to the impedance of the transducers 21 , 22 , 23.
    [0079]
    [0080] FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram in more detail of a transducer 21 with its memory 15 that stores useful information for calibration and connections 17 (S, T, R).
    [0081]
    [0082] Briefly, the frequency response compensation circuitry of audiometer 1 is explained , which generally consists of a cascade of attenuation stages by means of voltage dividers switched with multiplexers Analog and separated by voltage trackers with quality audio op amps.
    [0083]
    [0084] In FIG. 4 a schematic diagram of the device calibrator 4 including a memory 15 where the calibration information of the calibrator resides illustrated: (ID, serial number, nominal value, actual value and calibration date) and a circuit reference voltage 16 generates a fixed value of stable electrical signal for the temperature range of use and a known and traceable value for the electrical calibration of audiometer 1 . The connection is also shown using standardized jack connectors in audio applications, where between the connections 17 TS a stable voltage is obtained provided by the voltage reference and in connection R access to memory 15 of calibrator 4 that contains the value information measured real (with traceability to standards of the international metrological system). There are 17 jack connectors that incorporate switches that can be read. In this way, it is known in which specific connector a new transducer 21 , 22 , 23 or accessory has been inserted. When reading memory 5 , the type of transducer and the R or L channel are read and it is possible to check if the housing is wrong.
    [0085]
    [0086] From the measurement carried out by the audiometer calibration system, the voltage reference with respect to the signal electrical outputs and knowing the actual value of said reference, a calibration can be performed with knowledge of its quality (uncertainty)
    [0087]
    [0088] Similarly, when the electrical calibration of the system is required, simply insert the Calibrated Voltage reference using the calibrating device 4 and measure it with an analog-digital converter 8 . In this conversion stage, the voltage of each of the electrical signal outputs is also measured. From the comparison between the calibrated voltage reference read from its memory 15 , the value measured by the audiometer 1 of the voltage reference and the measurement at the signal outputs (headphones, right airway, headphones, left airway, bone pathway and output left and right for loudspeakers), the signals generated by audiometer 1 that are injected into transducers 21 , 22 , 23 can be completely verified and calibrated at an electrical level and readjust the signal level so that the necessary precision requirements are met for the correct clinical diagnosis.
    [0089] Once generated in the transducer 21 , 22 , 23 , the acoustic signal can then be received by the patient with the characteristics expected and established by the audiometer 1. The measurement operation is performed when the audiometer 1 registers a control signal activated by push button 3 by the patient when the acoustic signal is perceived.
    [0090]
    [0091] Previously, when the transducers 21 , 22 , 23 are connected to their receptacles, the microprocessor 10 detects the insertion , reads its memories 15 and extracts information on the identification, type of transducer, date of calibration, sensitivity and frequency response. With all this, the audiometer 1 can control various aspects, such as the validity of the calibration of the transducers 21 , 22 , 23 , the correct connection, and through the frequency compensation stage, it can adapt to the sensitivity, impedance and frequency response of transducers 21 , 22 , 23 before the emission of acoustic stimuli to the patient.
    [0092]
    [0093] Finally, more details of a preferred embodiment are provided, electronic cards are incorporated in transducers 21 , 22 , 23 , in button 3 and in calibrator 4 , serial read memories 15 are included that in this case use the technology from Maxim (formerly Dallas) of “one-wire” devices, specifically the DS28E05 memory, although they may be similar devices, or from other manufacturers (whether or not they require self-powered circuits). The “one-wire” technology allows the memories to be integrated into the standardized audio connectors common to audiometers 1 and to soundproof audiometric booths without the need to add self-powered circuits or extract the energy from the audio signals by connecting to the central contact the audio connector (R-Ring). The information of the electronic cards resident in the serial type memories 15 is read by the microprocessor 10 via the serial bus ("one-wire" in the case of Maxim). For calibration and maintenance adjustment, transducers 21 , 22 , 23 (headphones, high-frequency headphones, insert headphones, speakers, and bone vibrator) are provided with an electronic card (similar to TEDS Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (IEEE 1451.4) ) integrated in the connector with a memory 15 that contains at least data related to:
    [0094] - Transducer identification and serial number.
    [0095] - Transducer type.
    [0096] - Left / Right Channel
    [0097] - Sensitivity and its frequency response.
    [0098] - Date of calibration.
    [0099] In FIG. 5 shows a flow diagram of four processes that can be asynchronous with various steps performed by the audiometer microprocessor. It begins with an initial process 51 with a step 71 of reading the audiometer's own memory when starting the audiometer. There is then a second transducer connection process 52 that is triggered when a transducer connection is detected in the connection detection step 72 , followed by a second step 73 of reading the transducer memory where the connection is verified to be correct. When a working frequency and a transducer are selected, the adjustment process is performed with the information from the memories read in steps 71 and 73 , and the adjustment algorithm already explained and summarized in the formulas [1] and [ 2]. Basically, it is about setting the maximum value of audio generation for each of the frequencies. This third adjustment process 53 includes a first step 74 of reading the acoustic full scale parameter (FSa) in dBHL for that frequency and transducer, a second step 75 of calculating the acoustic full scale (FSa) in dB SPL or dBuN , taking into account the frequency response of the human ear; subsequently, a third step 76 is performed to calculate the attenuation value (Att) at that frequency and transducer; and ends with a fourth step 77 of selecting the value of the attenuation step. This attenuation value is static as long as the working frequency or transducer are not changed.
    [0100]
    [0101] Therefore, with the above information, a calibrated audio signal can be obtained in the transducer and a correct hearing level measurement can be made. Thus, when the fourth process 54 of generating audio at a certain level is carried out, a first step 78 of selection of the specific signal type is performed, which is to be reproduced in the audiometric test, followed by a second step 79 of selection of the output path, acting on the multiplexer. It continues with a third step 80 of setting the output level in the DAC converter, and finally, in a fourth step 81, for emitting the audio signal, reproducing the calibrated audio signal with a determined intensity and frequency in the selected acoustic transducer.
    [0102]
    [0103] Thanks to the aforementioned advantages, it is possible to maintain the metrological accuracy of audiometer 1 by making an adjustment of the electrical calibration remotely and replacing transducers 2 with expired calibration period by others with current calibration, simplifying, speeding up and making it cheaper to start up. And maintenance.
    [0104] In conclusion, the audiometer system described in this invention automatically solves the adjustment of the acoustic calibration of any transducer 21 , 22 , 23 and the electrical calibration of the audiometer 1 itself, maintaining the necessary metrological accuracy to carry out the clinical diagnosis with guarantees.
    [0105]
    [0106] NUMERICAL REFERENCES I Audiometer.
    [0107] 3 Push button.
    [0108] 4 Gauge.
    [0109] 5 Microprocessor memory.
    [0110] 6 Memory reader.
    [0111] 8 Analog-to-digital converter.
    [0112] I I Audio / digital / electrical signal generator.
    [0113] 12 Digital dimmer.
    [0114] 13 Multiplexer.
    [0115] 14 Amplifier.
    [0116] 15 Transducer / Calibrator / Push Button Memory
    [0117] 17 T R S connection
    [0118] 21 Vibrator (transducer).
    [0119] 22 Headphone (transducer).
    [0120] 23 Speaker (transducer).
    [0121] 51 initial process
    [0122] 52 transducer connection process
    [0123] 53 adjustment process
    [0124] 54 process of generating audio
    [0125] 71 step of audiometer memory reading
    [0126] 72 connection detection step
    [0127] 73 step of reading the transducer memory
    [0128] 74 step of reading the acoustic full scale parameter
    [0129] 75 step of calculating the acoustic full scale
    [0130] 76 step of attenuation value calculation
    [0131] 78 signal type selection step
    [0132] 79 output route selection step
    [0133] 80 step of setting the output level
    [0134] 81 step audio signal emission
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    1. Calibration system for an audiometer comprising:
    - an acoustic transducer (21,22,23) configured to produce an acoustic signal from an electrical signal;
    - an audiometer (1) configured to generate an electrical signal capable of producing a corresponding acoustic signal in the transducer (2);
    characterized by comprising:
    - a calibrating device (4) comprising a voltage reference circuit (16) configured to generate at least one voltage reference of specific value in the audiometer (1) to which it is connected;
    wherein the acoustic transducer (21,22,23) comprises a memory (15) where identification information and calibration information of said transducer (2) is stored;
    and because the audiometer (1) is also configured to read the memory (15) of the acoustic transducer (21,22,23), compensate the response of the acoustic transducer (21,22,23) based on the calibration information read and of the frequency response of the human ear; compensate the frequency response of the audiometer itself (1) by modifying the generated electrical signal, and update its calibration information according to the voltage reference of the calibrating device (4).
    [2]
    2. Calibration system for an audiometer according to claim 1, where the audiometer (1) comprises a memory (15) where calibration information of the audiometer (1) itself is stored.
    [3]
    3. Calibration system for an audiometer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the audiometer (1) comprises a memory reader (6) configured to read the memory (15) of the acoustic transducer (21,22,23).
    [4]
    4. Calibration system for an audiometer according to claim 3, wherein the audiometer (1) comprises a microprocessor (10) configured to compare the calibration information of the acoustic transducer (21,22,23) with that of the audiometer itself (1) stored in its memory (15).
    [5]
    5. Calibration system for an audiometer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the microprocessor (10) is configured to align the full scale of the audiometer (1) with the nominal full scale for a plurality of working frequencies.
    [6]
    6. Calibration system for an audiometer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the audiometer (1) comprises an analog-digital converter (8) to measure an external voltage reference provided by a calibrating device (4).
    [7]
    7. Calibration system for an audiometer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the voltage reference circuit (16) of the calibrating device (4) is configured to generate a plurality of calibrated sinusoidal and / or broadband signals associated with a plurality of working frequencies and / or wide band of the audiometer (1).
    [8]
    8. Calibration system for an audiometer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the audiometer (1) comprises a digital attenuator (12) and a multiplexer (13).
    [9]
    9. Calibration system for an audiometer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the calibration information of said transducer (2) comprises at least one of the following data: transducer identification, serial number, type of transducer, sensitivity, its frequency response and calibration date.
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    同族专利:
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    EP3871601A4|2021-09-01|
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    ES2756874B2|2021-08-30|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE4038211A1|1990-11-30|1992-06-04|Bosch Gmbh Robert|Calibrating LF signal source of audiometer -storing reference levels in memory and adjusting LF source output w.r.t data for partic. transducer|
    US20020151819A1|2001-04-17|2002-10-17|Thermo Finnigan Llc|Calibrated audiometer system|
    US20070261491A1|2006-05-11|2007-11-15|Rion Co., Ltd.|Audiometer receiver and audiometer|
    US20090063080A1|2007-08-29|2009-03-05|Diagnostic Group, Llc|Apparatus and method for calibrating earphones for audiometric testing|
    US20110009770A1|2009-07-13|2011-01-13|Margolis Robert H|Audiometric Testing and Calibration Devices and Methods|
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    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201831036A|ES2756874B2|2018-10-25|2018-10-25|CALIBRATION SYSTEM FOR AN AUDIOMETER|ES201831036A| ES2756874B2|2018-10-25|2018-10-25|CALIBRATION SYSTEM FOR AN AUDIOMETER|
    PCT/ES2019/070720| WO2020084184A1|2018-10-25|2019-10-24|Audibility meter calibration system|
    EP19876541.4A| EP3871601A4|2018-10-25|2019-10-24|Audibility meter calibration system|
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